Kidneys (Retroperitoneal) Ultrasound

Aneurysm
Kidney stone
Hematuria
Flank or lower back pain
Signs of renal failure / infection
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Signs of obstruction / hydronepheosis
Mass
Dysuria (difficult urination)
Abnormal lab values

Thyroid/Parathyroid/Parotid Ultrasound

Parotid gland or other salivary gland mass
Hypocalcaemia
Mass
Abnormal thyroid function test

Scrotum/Scrotal Ultrasound

Epididymitis / inflammation
Testicular mass
Scrotal pain
Scrotal enlargement

Extremity (non-vascular) Ultrasound

Palpable mass or suspected Baker's cyst
Hematoma
Abscess
Lymphocele

 
Abdominal Ultrasound

Abdominal pain
Abdominal mass
Suspected gallstones and/or Bile Duct Stones
Jaundice
Left or Right upper quadrant or flank pain
Abnormal lab values
Suspected pancreatic disease
Unexplained weight loss
Ascites
Portal hypertension
Cirrhosis
Nausea/vomiting and fatty food intolerance

Pelvic Ultrasound

Polycystic ovaries & ovarian / Para ovarian cysts
Endometriosis
Pelvic or abdominal pain
Hematoma
Abscess
Ascites
Unexplained weight loss
Palpable mass
Irregular menstrual cycle
Dysmenorrhea
Menorrhagia
Infertility
Bladder capacity, incomplete emptying
Urinary tract infection (UTI)
Pelvic Inflammatory Disease
IUD detection and location
Vaginal bleeding or discharge

Obstetric Ultrasound

Amenorrhea
Fetal age & viability
Fetal abnormalities
Biophysical profile
Complete fetal & maternal evaluation

Cardiac Ultrasound (Echocardiogram) Indications  
Valvular heart disease
Infective endocarditis
Prosthetic valves
Disease of heart muscle
Pericardial disease
Cardiac masses
Diseases of great vessels
Pulmonary disease
Hypertension with clinical evidence of heart disease
Evaluation of ventricular function
Congestive heart failure (CHF)
Mitral valve prolapse (MVP)
Chest pain
Organic heart murmurs
Cerebral embolism
Syncope
Murmur
Peripheral emboli involving major arteries
Arrhythmias
Family history of genetic cardiac disorder
Edema
Suspected coronary artery disease
Shortness of breath

Venous -- Upper or Lower Extremities

Deep venous thrombosis (DVT)
Edema
Anti-coagulant therapy evaluation
Pain/tenderness
Increased limb tenderness
Pigment discoloration
Pulmonary embolism
Ulcers
Increased warmth of extremity
Extracranial (Carotid)/Intracranial Arterial Duplex

Carotid artery stenosis
Cervical or carotid bruit
Memory Loss
Cluster type headache
Loss of balance
Vertigo
Loss of vision/field cut
Aphasia/dysphasia
Previous stroke
Increased vessel wall rigidity found during palpation
Motor or sensory deficit
Diplopia
Syncope
Unilateral paresthesias
Drop attacks
Amaurosis Fugax (transient monocular blindness)
Fluctuating confusion

Arterial - Upper or lower extremities

Aneurysm
Peripheral arterial disease (PAD)
Diabetic neuropathy
Skin or nail infections
Skin color changes or ulcerations
Pre- and post-operative evaluation
Claudication
Leg pain, rest pain, night cramps
Bruits
Absent or diminished distal or pedal pulses
Prediction of wound healing
Distal extremity hair loss
Gangrene
Extreme weakness or fatigue
Vasomotor instability
Numbness
Positive Allen's test
Hypertension
Visceral Vascular

Abdominal aortic aneurysm (AAA)
By-pass Grafts
Dialysis Grafts
Organ transplant (kidney, liver)
Arterial inflow and venous outflow
of pelvic, abdominal and retroperitoneal
organs